Economic Growth

Growth

Growth Formula
  • Economic growth occurs when potential output (Y*) changes
  • AD/AS model looked at how actual output (Y) changes around potential
  • How does potential output change?  Through GDP/Capita and the production function below.

GDP/capita

GDP per Capita

An economy grows if:

  • Average labour productivity increases; or
  • Share of population employed increases

Factors which influence labour productivity are:

  • Capital
  • Technology

The Production Function and Growth Accounting

Growth Accounting Equation

Economic Cycles

Economic Cycles

The economy goes through cycles of expansion and contraction between peaks and troughs in GDP.  

Economic Contraction